Pondering the Legacy of Puzzle-Friendly Names

I found this collage on Bluesky.

There was an internet hoax last week that reported Liv Ullmann had passed away.

(And yes, I am retroactively editing this post to correct it, since I had been duped by this hoax. Thank you to one of my commenters for correcting me!)

An actress, filmmaker, and representative of UNICEF, her work has graced both stage and screen, and she was an integral part of Ingmar Bergman’s equally legendary career.

But she has had a similarly lengthy tenure as a crossword entry. Her name dominated crossword cluing for LIV for decades (save for Roman numeral clues), eventually being usurped by LIV Tyler in the 21st century.

And, to be completely honest, I didn’t know Liv Ullmann or her work until I got into puzzles.

Despite a heavy movie buff phase in my twenties — watching the AFI 100, doing a deep dive into Oscar-winning films across film history — there were many Hollywood names I didn’t learn about until I started working in puzzles.

I mean, sure, I knew ASTA from The Thin Man movies, and as a horror movie fan, LON Cheney was a household name, but ONA Munson, OSA Massen, UNA Merkel? UTA Hagen, POLA Negri, EMIL Jannings? A total mystery to me, one and all.

Some names are more accessible than others. RIP TORN, for instance, who I know better from Men in Black and Dodgeball (and The Larry Sanders Show) than from The Man Who Fell to Earth or Cross Creek.

But it’s curious to look across the history of crosswords and crosswordese and see names fall in and out of favor, which names linger despite their increasing irrelevance, and which other ones come back unexpectedly.

I mean, OONA Chaplin is helping OONA’s cause a bit, and ANA de Armas has breathed new life into that three-letter combo. Director ARI Aster is helping ease cluing reliance on a certain Onassis ex. I wish more people knew about the movie Pearl, if only for a new clue for THEDA.

ELSA and OLAF will be riding the Frozen train for years to come. ISSA RAE (and RAE Sremmurd to a lesser extent) have shaken RAE free from Norma, Charlotte, and Ms. Dawn Chong.

But ENA? ELKE? ILKA? Those feel unlikely to make a comeback.

And the cycle continues. INDE Navarrette’s star is on the rise after Obsession, but will she have legs as a crossword entry? The next few years will be telling.

It’s hard to know what name will be a grid-fill flash-in-the-pan and which will have crossword longevity.

I’ve thought about this a lot.

In fact, inspired by the curious connection between crosswords and Hollywood, I have an ever-evolving crosswordese movie list that I use as inspiration for random movie nights:

  • Casablanca (1942, ILSA and LORRE).
  • The Night of the Hunter (1955, screenplay by James AGEE)
  • The Maltese Falcon (1931, UNA Merkel, a full decade before the Bogart one!)
  • The Cheaters (1945, ONA Munson)
  • The Good Earth (1937, O-LAN played by LUISE RAINER, also starring Paul MUNI)
  • Bus Stop (1956, based on the play by William INGE)
  • The Owl and the Pussycat (1970, George SEGAL)
  • Rocketship X-M (1950, OSA Massen)
  • Santa Claus Conquers the Martians (1964, PIA Zadora)
  • Beautiful Girls (1996, MIRA Sorvino)
  • V for Vendetta (2005, REA)
  • IT’S A Gift (1934)
  • Letters from IWO Jima (2006)
  • NEVER ON Sunday (1960)
  • Stanley & IRIS (1990)
  • Bird ON A Wire (1990)
  • Heidi (1937 or 1968, ALP)

And then you can close out any proper crosswordese movie marathon with films featuring UMA Thurman, EWAN McGregor, or CARY Grant you like, or even The King and I with YUL Brynner.


As these legends (and not-quite-legends) of the silver screen continue to depart this mortal coil (or at least, as internet hoaxes about their deaths continue to circulate), I can’t help but reflect on their curious second life as grid fill.

How many awesome, clever, immensely satisfying solves have we enjoyed in part because of the convenient letter combinations in these names? How many times have they bailed constructors out of bad corners or linguistic jams caused by a particularly taxing theme or grid gimmick?

Probably more often than you’d think.

We may not always know their movies or their most quotable lines, but we definitely know how to spell their names and fill in those blanks.


What names do you only know from crosswords, fellow reader? Do you have any suggestions for my Crosswordese Viewing List? Let me know in the comments section below. I’d love to hear from you!

Puzzles in Plain Sight: Secret Message in Hollywood Edition!

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[Image courtesy of MathTutorDVD.]

I am fascinated by codebreaking, secret codes, and that whole subgenre of puzzle solving. Probably because I’m pretty bad at it.

Don’t get me wrong, I can crack your bog-standard cryptogram or alphanumeric message. I’m fairly good at identifying patterns and deciphering codes when it comes to simple three-, four-, and five-digit answers in most escape room scenarios.

But when you start getting into encryptions where a letter’s meaning can shift as the coded message evolves — like the one employed by a devious 10-year-old kid in a puzzly letter to Santa years ago — and I quickly find myself stymied.

It leaves me all the more impressed when I read about codebreaking efforts as ambitious as ENIGMA and as silly (and, yet, still quite impressive) as Futurama fans cracking the multiple alien codes in the show just from random snippets.

But codebreaking isn’t just about cleverness, pattern-recognition, and determination.

Sometimes, it’s about knowing where to look.

For instance, in Los Angeles, there have been secret messages being transmitted in plain sight for decades.

Just cast your eyes to the light atop the Capitol Records building in Los Angeles.

The building was designed to look like a stack of records on a turntable, complete with the spindle pointing skyward. It opened in 1956, and the president of Capitol Records at the time, Alan Livingston, wanted the light to send out a message in Morse code. On opening day, Leila Morse — the granddaughter of Samuel Morse, inventor of Morse code — turned the light on.

The secret message being broadcast? “Hollywood.”

The message blinked away for decades. But it wasn’t the only message the light atop Capitol Records would send over the years.

In 1992, to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of Capitol Records, the code was changed to “Capitol 50” for the entire year. Then it went back to the traditional “Hollywood” code.

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A decade later, it was changed again. What was the message? A secret announcement that would excite millions of pop music fans…

“Katy Perry. Prism. October 22, 2013.”

But as far as anyone can tell, nobody noticed. This teaser announcement never made the local or national news.

And so far, there hasn’t been a secret message since. At least, not that anyone has noticed.

Still, best keep your eyes on that light. You never know if your favorite artist might send you a secret signal. And it sure beats looking for backwards messages in heavy metal songs.


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It’s Follow-Up Friday: Cinematic Crossword Codecracking edition!

Welcome to Follow-Up Friday!

By this time, you know the drill. Follow-Up Friday is a chance for us to revisit the subjects of previous posts and bring the PuzzleNation audience up to speed on all things puzzly.

And today, I’d like to revisit one of my favorite puzzle constructors, David Kwong!

[Check out David’s session of 5 Questions here.]

Not only is he a topnotch constructor, he’s also a magician who performs his own signature tricks while consulting for film projects and television shows. He’s worked on The Mindy Project, The Incredible Burt Wonderstone, and Now You See Me (as well as the upcoming sequel).

And his latest collaborative efforts just hit theaters yesterday in The Imitation Game, the Benedict Cumberbatch/Keira Knightley film detailing Alan Turing’s efforts at Bletchley Park to break the infamous German Enigma Code during World War II.

But it was David’s crossword skills on display this time around, as he constructed the crossword Alan Turing uses in the film to test potential cryptographers in the movie.

I don’t have that crossword for you to solve, unfortunately, but thanks to The New York Times and Deb Amlen’s Wordplay blog, I can offer you a link to an actual crossword Alan Turing created for The Telegraph.

Plus, the official website for The Imitation Game has a puzzle you can solve to unlock exclusive content. (Just click the link and then click “Crack the code” in the lower right-hand corner of the screen.)

The film is already being hailed as one of the best of the year. I can’t wait to see what David works on next.

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It’s Follow-Up Friday: Macho Vanquish Fizgig Jukebox edition!

Welcome to Follow-Up Friday!

By this time, you know the drill. Follow-Up Friday is a chance for us to revisit the subjects of previous posts and bring the PuzzleNation audience up to speed on all things puzzly.

And today, I have another brief installment of Puzzles in Pop Culture.

Friend of the Blog Eric Berlin passed along this link about some puzzly fun lurking at the theaters last weekend.

Apparently, the top ten box office draws over the weekend formed a pangram!

For the uninitiated, a pangram is a sentence, paragraph, or other written item that contains all 26 letters in the alphabet. Not only do many puzzlesmiths endeavor to make their puzzles pangrams, but there’s a whole subset of puzzlers dedicated to writing short, hilarious, and immensely crafty sentences featuring all 26 letters.

The classic pangrammatic sentence — one many of us remember from typing class — is “The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.” But that’s got a lot of repeated letters, and true pangram devotees try to repeat as few letters as possible.

(My personal favorite pangram? “Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx.”)

But this weekend, thanks to films like The Equalizer, Guardians of the Galaxy, and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, we’ve got a box office pangram!

This is the sort of puzzles-in-plain-sight fun that I love, seeing clever people spot patterns most others would miss.

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